Chemical Mixtures: Greater-than-Additive Effects?

Versatility of Cooperative Transcriptional Activation: A Thermodynamical Modeling Analysis for Greater-Than-Additive and Less-Than-Additive Effects

We derive a statistical model of transcriptional activation using equilibrium thermodynamics of chemical reactions. We examine to what extent this statistical model predicts synergy effects of cooperative activation of gene expression. We determine parameter domains in which greater-than-additive and less-than-additive effects are predicted for cooperative regulation by two activators. We show ...

Secondary effects of antipsychotics: women at greater risk than men.

CONTEXT The health burden of antipsychotic medication is well known, but the disproportionate effect on women as compared with men is underappreciated. OBJECTIVE The goal of this article is preventive--to better inform clinicians so that the risks to women and to their offspring can be diminished. METHOD All PubMed sources in which the search term gender (or sex) was linked to a side effect...

Species diversity and chemical properties of litter influence non-additive effects of litter mixtures on soil carbon and nitrogen cycling

Decomposition of litter mixtures generally cannot be predicted from the component species incubated in isolation. Therefore, such non-additive effects of litter mixing on soil C and N dynamics remain poorly understood in terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, litters of Mongolian pine and three dominant understory species and soil were collected from a Mongolian pine plantation in Northeast Chi...

Modeling of non-additive mixtures properties using On-line CHEmical database and Modeling Environment (OCHEM)

Two is Greater than One

In this paper we highlight the benefits of using genus-2 curves in public-key cryptography. Compared to the standardized genus-1 curves, or elliptic curves, arithmetic on genus-2 curves is typically more involved but allows us to work with moduli of half the size. We give a taxonomy of the best known techniques to realize genus-2 based cryptography, which includes fast formulas on the Kummer su...